Na Slovensku i v celej Európskej únii kriticky chýba pracovná sila a pandémia situáciu výrazne zhoršila. Letiská obmedzujú prevádzku, verejní dopravcovia rušia spoje a reštaurácie krachujú. Mnohé firmy avizujú, že pre nedostatok zamestnancov možno nebudú schopné dokončiť veľké infraštrukturálne projekty v rámcu Plánu obnovy. Ako to ovplyvňuje európske vyhliadky na prosperitu a životnú úroveň? Kam sa strácajú kvalifikovaní zamestnanci a ako ich pritiahnuť späť? Do akej miery môže pomôcť pracovná migrácia? Na túto tému diskutovala Eva Mihočková, šéfredaktorka portálu zahranicnapolitika.sk s Martinom Kahancom, ekonómom a expertom na trh práce zo Stredoeurópskeho inštitútu pre výskum práce (CELSI). Diskusiu zorganizoval FES SK v spolupráci s SFPA.
Podľa analýzy Inštitútu finančnej politiky sa dobiehanie životnej a ekonomickej úrovne zvyšku EÚ na Slovensku spomalilo. Jedným z hlavných dôvodov je nízka zamestnanosť a hlavne chýbajúci kvalifikovaní zamstnanci. Keby sme napríklad chceli dobehnúť úroveň Nemecka potrebovali by sme na trhu práce ďalší 0,5 milión zamestnancov.
Ďalším problémom Slovenska je neoptimálna alokácia ľudského kapitálu na trhu práce. Máme zamestnancov, ktorí zostávajú v povolaniach, kde máme dostatok, resp. prebytok pracovnej sily namiesto toho, aby sa presunuli do povolaní, kde pracovná sila chýba. To isté platí o regiónoch.
Nízka pôrodnosť, a tým pádom menej pracovnej sily, ako aj veľký počet mladých ľudí odchádzajúcich do zahraničia trápi celú Európu nielen Slovensko. Starý kontinent jednoducho vymiera. Na poli inovácií zaostáva Európa nielen za USA, ale aj niektorými ázijskými krajinami. V dôsledku čoho sa Európe v globálnej súťaži o mladé talenty nedarí získavať tých najtalentovanejších a najzamestnateľnejších. Platí, že inovácie idú tam, kde je väčší potenciál, väčšia dynamika, flexibilnejší vzdelávací systém a pod.
Demografický problém, ktorému čelíme by mohla vykompenzovať pracovná migrácia a inovácie.
Celú diskusiu si môžete pozrieť TU
Maróthyho 6 81106 Bratislava
+421 2 54 41 12 09+421 2 54 41 18 80
slovakia(at)fes.de
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