Od roku 2026 bude platiť nová smernica EÚ stanovujúca kvóty na ženy v správnych a dozorných radách veľkých spoločností obchodovaných na burze. Eva Mihočková, šéfredaktorka portálu zahranicnapolitika.sk diskutovala na túto tému s Oľgou Pietruchovou, expertkou na rodovú rovnosť z Ministerstva spravodlivosti. Diskusiu zorganizoval FES SK v spolupráci s SFPA.
Kvóty na ženy sa týkajú, ako vysvetľuje Oľga Pietruchová, len veľmi malého počtu spoločností. Ide o najväčšie a najziskovejšie spoločnosti, ktoré majú viac ako 250 zamestnancov a sú kótované na burzách. V prípade Slovenska sa dá hovoriť o 30 - 40 spoločnostiach. Podľa slov O. Pietruchovej sa jedná skôr o symbolické gesto ako dostať ženy do vysokých pozícii.
40 % kvóty na zastúpenie žien sa vzťahujú na nevýkonných pracovníkov v správnych a dozorných radách spoločností. 30 % kvóty sa týkajú menších spoločností, ktorých dozorné rady pozostávajú z troch členov. V takomto prípade musí byť jedným z členov žena.
Význam kvót spočíva podľa Pietruchovej v tom, že pomáha meniť to, čo považujeme za štandard. V krajinách, ktoré doteraz nemali stanovené žiadne kvóty a vôbec sa tejto téme nevenujú sa podiel žien v rozhodovacích procesoch pohybuje okolo 8 % - 10 %. V praxi sa ukázalo, že mäkké opatrenia sú spravidla nepostačujúce, preto zo strany EÚ prišla legislatívna iniciatíva v podobe kvót na navýšenie podielu žien v rozhodovacích pozíciách. Tie sa považujú za dočasné vyrovnávacie opatrenie, t. z. mali by byť platné dovtedy, kým sa nedosiahne rovnosť, potom sa stráca ich relevantnosť.
Smernica bola dlhodobo blokovaná zo strany konzervatívcov a ostatných odporcov. Konzervatívne krajiny ako Maďarsko a Poľsko smernicu blokujú naďaej, ale nemajú potrebnú silu na jej celkové zablokovanie, keďže sa schvaľuje kvalifikovanou väčšinou. Postoj Nemecka bol tiež veľmi dlhú dobu negatívny. Avšak nová nemecká vláda s liberálmi zrejme prispela k zmene postoja Nemecka. Spolu s iniciatívou francúzskeho predsedníctva, ktorému na tejto téme veľmi záleží, sa v rokovaní o smernici pokračuje.
Celú diskusiu si môžete pozrieť TU
Maróthyho 6 81106 Bratislava
+421 2 54 41 12 09+421 2 54 41 18 80
slovakia(at)fes.de
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