Nemecko je v rozruchu. Nenávisť, diskriminácia a násilie zabraňujú solidarite a občiansko-spoločenským aktivitám. Pravicovo-extrémistické skupiny sa verejne účinne stavajú na stranu „obyčajného ľudu“, pravicovo-populistické požiadavky a diškurzy stále viac dominujú v politických a spoločenských debatách.
Nakoľko sa tieto extrémistické a neľudské postoje naozaj stali súčasťou politického a spoločenského stredu? Posunuli polarizácia a konflikty doterajšiu normu vnímania rôznych skupín ako rovnocenných smerom k otvorenej diskriminácii? Proti komu sú namierené tieto odmietavé postoje? Zmenšuje sa spoločenský stred len alebo je úplne stratený?
Odpovede na tieto otázky ponúka aktuálna štúdia Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, ktorá vznikla v spolupráci s Inštitútom pre interdisciplinárny výskum konfliktov a násilia Bielefeldskej univerzity, a ktorá už od roku 2002 mapuje antidemokratické postoje nemeckého obyvateľstva.
Obsahuje nové poznatky k fenoménom ako pravicový populizmus, novým pravicovo-extrémistickým postojom a konšpiračným mýtom, ktoré čoraz viac rezonujú aj v strede spoločnosti. Okrem toho nevynecháva ani problematiku rozdielov medzi východným a západným Nemeckom, pretrvávajúcich dokonca 30 rokov po zjednotení krajiny.
Vzhľadom na pomerne horúcu debatu o týchto témach ponúka štúdia empiricky presný pohľad na postoje stredu spoločnosti. V čom je rozdelený, na ktorých miestach stratil svoju demokratickú kvalitu, aký veľký je rozsah nedôvery v demokraciu a nakoľko sú rozšírené neliberálne predstavy o demokracii? Popri dlhodobom vývoji pravicovo-extrémistických postojov mapuje taktiež vývoj diskriminačných tendencií voči konkrétnym spoločenským skupinám.
Kompletnú štúdiu v nemeckom jazyku si môžete bezplatne stiahnuť pod dole uvedeným odkazom.
(Ilustračné foto, zdroj: www.pixabay.com)
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